This paper is intended to promote much wider discussion of a subject which has become increasingly critical in our times - the protection of human rights in a prison setting. The study which is presented here was conducted at the request of the conference of Australian State Ministers in charge of Prisons, Probation and Parole. The paper was compiled in consultation with the Correctional Administrators of the several States of Australia and its publication purely for discussion purposes approved by the Conference of Ministers at their Darwin meeting on 5th May 1982. There have been some minor changes to accommodate recommendations made by the Administrators on their reading of the paper before its final submission to the Ministers - and to bring the paper up to date by references to new legislation.